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FLYING ELECTRONICS

Frame

As the FPV Drones primary feature is to allow carefree flying, the Frames are made up of Carbon fiber complemented with flexible 3-D prints (TPU, Flexil).
The frame size is determined by the maximum supported Propeller Size, the most popular being 5-inch Freestyle Frames. Majorly they come in two configurations: X and Dead-cat, symbolising the shape the Arms make respectively. One generally goes with the Dead-cat style to ensure that the FPV-cam/GoPro does not have Props in view, given front arms are stretched at a further angle.

How to choose:-

  • Acrobatic and Power - Freestyle Frames(More durable)
  • Indoor or Urban Flying - Cinewhoops(Prop gauds)
  • Mountain Surfing or Cinematic - Long Range(6-8 inch size)

Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. Source One 5 inch

Motor

Drones use Brushless DC motors that come in various sizes and power. For a 5-inch Drone, the recommended size is 2207(Stator Size) and common KV values are 1800KV(6s) and 2400KV(4s).

How to choose:-

  • Motor-size: The size of the Propeller you want to use, can be determined by looking at the Tech-specifications available at the Manufacturer's Website.
  • Motor KV: The KV of a motor is a bit more complex, but to say simply it determines how fast the motor rotates given the same voltage. As a rule of thumb, as you go higher in Battery-voltage or Motor's size, the KV value goes down.

Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. T-motor Velox 2207.5KV

Propeller

Propellers are what create lift and determine flying characteristics. It is recommended to keep a couple of spare prop sets as breaking them will be a part of your routine.

How to choose:-

  • Number of blades: Mostly 3 bladed-props are freestyle drones. Cinewhoops use ducted Props with more fins.
  • Pitch: It tells the angle the prop makes with the center. A higher pitch means more thrust but makes drones less smooth. For better flight time and control use a moderate-pitched prop (5135, note: the first two digits denote the size of the Propeller, the other two its pitch).

Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. Gemfan 5130 Tri-blade

Stack

Stack refers to the Main Electronic System of the Drone, comprising of Flight Controller and ESC(Electronic Speed Controller). The ESC controls the speed of the Brushless motors, while the Flight Computer is the Brain of the Drone that talks to other components like GPS, VTX, etc.
FPV drone uses a 4-in-one ESC instead of separate ESCs typically used for RC Planes, as it is more convenient to fit in a small frame, and also does not add unnecessary weight to the craft.
Flight controllers are named based on the processor equipped on them like F405 and F722. They vary a lot in the number of available UARTS, in-built sensors, wifi-features etc.
Some modern-day Flight Controllers have integrated ESC, called AIO(All IN ONE), and are used in cinewhoops for space management.

How to choose:-
FC:-

  • Size: 30x30 and 20x20, according to your frame's compatibility. A smaller Frame(3-5 inches) can only fit a 20X20 4-in-one ESC, while 30x30 is recommended for the rest as it is easier to work on.
  • Processor(MCU): F405 and F722 can both run efficiently on current firmware, F722 is required only if you plan to use more sensors or for future firmware releases.
ESC:-
  • Size: 30x30 and 20x20, use the same size as FC.
  • Amp-rating: To ensure the ESC can withstand the Amperage the motors draw, an ESC-rated.
  • With Amps at least 5A more than the amps an individual motor can draw, is recommended.
Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. T-motor Velox 45A Stack

Receiver

It is the component that receives command from your Radio Controller and the type of receiver to install depends on the protocol the radio is based on.
The receiver is connected to a UART pad on FC, remember to connect the Tx of the Receiver to the Rx pad of FC and the Rx of the Receiver to the Tx of FC.
The current favourite systems for Radio are ELRS and Crossfire which too come in different sizes and quality.

How to choose:-

  • Size: Nano/micro receivers will be suitable for FPV drones.
  • Diversity: True diversity receivers have dual antennas suitable for Long-range quads.
Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. Happymodel Ep2 Rx

Battery

This is the fuel for your Craft and for our use, LIPOS being the favorite as they have a high C-rating(more power). Lipos are made of cells connected in series each having a nominal voltage of 3.7 volts.
Make sure to match the battery connector type with the connector to your drone. Mostly we use XT60 connectors(male & female) in 4-7 inch quads.

How to choose:-

  • Number of cells(s): 4s Battery For typical 5-inch Quads paired with a higher KV motor and 6s Battery for Bigger Quads or to pair with a lower KV motor.
  • Capacity: Higher capacity means more fuel but also increased weight. Right Balance depends on the Quad's Size.
  • C-Rating: More C ratings will give more punch and power.
Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. CNHL 4s 1550mAH

VTX

Responsible for sending the live Video from the FPV cam to your Goggles/Ground station. It is recommended to get a compact VTX with mounting Holes instead of large ones. VTXs are mainly classified as, i.e Analog, Digital and you choose based on your Goggles

How to choose:-

  • Size: 30x30 and 20x20 , depending on the frame size.
  • System: Analog vtx for Analog Goggles and Digital VTX for Digital goggles(note: For digital systems, only the same company VTX are compatible, i.e DJI vtx for DJI goggles, HDzero vtx for HDzero goggles, Caddx vtx for Walksnail Goggles).
  • Power: Represented in Watts(W), higher watts means more range, 700mW is enough for Freestyle.
Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. CNHL 4s 1550mAH

Camera

The main purpose of FPV drones is to get the experience of Flying and make Breath-taking videos out of it. So we generally use 2 cameras: One for live feed, the other an action camera for Recording in 4k.
Get a branded FPV cam only and a TVL rating of 1000 is fine, for a digital camera you only get the company-recommended cam.
To reduce weights, there are Open-body Action cameras also available, and in case you have the DJI Goggles, using an O3 Air unit can do both Live-feed and 4k Recording, eliminating the requirement for Action cams.

How to choose:-

  • Size: Nano FPV cams for tiny quads, Micro for most 3-7 inch crafts, Mini cam for certain compatible frames only.
  • Night-performance: : Starlight camera allows you to fly in the dark.
  • Lens size: 2.1mm is a standard Lens having wide FOV(Field of View)
Beginner's build Recommendation:-
  1. Caddx Ratel 2(for Analog)

Behind the Pixels

Shashwat Kumar Trivedi (Lead Developer & Designer)
Shaleen Shukla (Assistant Developer & Designer)
Priyanshu Vats (Drone Specialist and Content-Head)